CEP 40 - A new recipe format (part 4): Rendered recipe YAML and serialization

Title	A new recipe format (part 4): Rendered recipe YAML and serialization
Status	Accepted
Author(s)	Wolf Vollprecht <wolf@prefix.dev>
Created	Apr 13, 2024
Updated	Apr 17, 2026
Discussion	https://github.com/conda/ceps/pull/74
Implementation	https://github.com/prefix-dev/rattler-build

Abstract

Part of the effort to strictly define a new recipe format. The previous CEPs are:

• CEP 13: A new recipe format
• CEP 14: A new recipe format (part 2): allowed keys and values
• CEP 39: A new recipe format (part 3): jinja functions in recipes

This CEP defines the structure and contents of the rendered_recipe.yaml file which captures the complete recipe, build configuration, dependencies and sources used to create a conda package.

Motivation

As part of the metadata, a package might include the "raw" and "rendered" recipe. A rendered recipe is a recipe.yaml file that has all Jinja and if/else logic resolved to the final values.

The goal is to have a single file that contains all the information needed to reproduce the exact build of a package. This will enable better reproducibility, provenance tracking, and debugging of conda packages.

Specification

A package builder should have a defined way on how to serialize the recipe to the final output in the artifact / package.

This "rendered recipe" should contain the following information:

• The fully rendered recipe with all Jinja2 expressions evaluated and if/else logic resolved to the final used values. There should be no more logic in the rendered recipe.
• The fully resolved environments for the build environments (build and host). This SHOULD at least include the exact versions, a checksum and the full URL for every package that was used as a dependency. The resolved environments should also include the channel URLs that were used for resolution in the correct order.

Additionally, a file MUST be placed in the info folder, named info/used_build_tool.json. This file MUST record the name and version of the tool that produced the rendered recipe. This JSON file SHOULD AT LEAST have the following keys:

{
  "name": "rattler-build",  // string
  "version": "0.14.0"       // string
}

This information can be used to reproduce the build with the same version of the tool. This tool version should also be able to read the rendered recipe.

Implementation details for rattler-build

What follows is a thorough description of what is implemented in rattler-build. This is not directly relevant to the CEP, but should serve as an illustration for a project that follows these guidelines.

Storage

The rendered recipe YAML file is stored in the info/recipe folder of the final package. Alongside the rendered recipe, we copy the entire "recipe folder". If the original recipe was not named recipe.yaml, then we rename it inside the package.

For example:

├── recipe
    ├── patches
    │   └── patch1.diff
    ├── build.sh
    ├── build.bat
    └── my_recipe.yaml

Will be copied into the following folder structure in the final package:

├── ...
├── index.json
├── used_build_tool.json  // new file!
└── recipe
    ├── build.bat
    ├── build.sh
    ├── recipe.yaml
    ├── patches
    │   └── patch1.diff
    ├── rendered_recipe.yaml
    └── variant_config.yaml

Implementation details

The rendered recipe YAML file contains the following top-level sections:

1. rendered_recipe_version: integer - The version of the rendered recipe format.
2. recipe: The fully rendered recipe with all Jinja2 expressions evaluated and if/else logic resolved to the final used values.
3. build_configuration: Captures all the build-time configuration such as the target platform, build/host prefixes, variant used, package version and build string, channels, etc.
4. finalized_dependencies: Records the exact versions and builds of all dependencies (build, host and run) that were used at build time, like a "lockfile".
5. finalized_sources: Contains the final references to the sources used, e.g. git commit hashes, tarball URLs + sha256, etc.
6. system_tools: Records the tools that were used from the host system in order to warn if reproducing the build on a different host system might lead to different results (patchelf, git, etc).

The version of the rendered recipe format as described here is 1.

Recipe section

This section is the fully rendered recipe in valid YAML format, with all Jinja2 expressions evaluated and if/else logic resolved to the final values used during the build.

Some key things to note:

• Compiler expressions like ${{ compiler('c') }} are rendered to their final form immediately:

  - ${{ compiler('c') }}
  # becomes (with target_platform linux-64, as an example)
  - gcc_linux-64

• Pin expressions like ${{ pin_subpackage('libtool', upper_bound='x.x') }} are rendered to:

  - ${{ pin_subpackage('libtool', exact=true) }}
  # becomes
  - pin_subpackage:
      name: libtool
      exact: true

• For the following:

  - ${{ pin_subpackage('some-pkg-a', lower_bound="x.x.x") }}
  - ${{ pin_compatible('python', upper_bound="x.x.x") }}
  - ${{ pin_compatible('numpy', upper_bound="3.2.1", lower_bound="1.2.3") }}

  the rendered result is as follows:

  - pin_subpackage:
      name: some-pkg-a    # string
      lower_bound: x.x.x  # this is a string or null
  - pin_compatible:
      name: python
      upper_bound: x.x.x  # this is a string or null
  - pin_compatible:
      name: numpy
      lower_bound: 1.2.3
      upper_bound: 3.2.1

The pin functions take 4 arguments: name, lower_bound, upper_bound and exact. lower_bound and upper_bound can be either a "pin expression" (x.x.x...), a version string or None. If None, the field CAN be omitted in the rendered output. The default values for lower_bound is x.x.x.x.x.x, for upper_bound it's x. For exact the default value is false. If exact is false, the field CAN be omitted from the rendered output.

The definitions for these entries are:

pin_subpackage:
  name: string
  lower_bound: string or null
  upper_bound: string or null
  exact: bool
pin_subpackage:
  name: string
  lower_bound: string or null
  upper_bound: string or null
  exact: bool

Build configuration section

This records all information that was used at build time, incl. variables given on the CLI or by environment yaml. Everything necessary to reproduce the build should be recorded here.

Here's the documentation for the fields in the provided YAML:

build_configuration

The build_configuration section contains information related to the build process.

target_platform

• Type: string
• Description: The target platform for which the package is being built (e.g., osx-arm64).

host_platform

• Type: string

• Description: The host platform used for building the package. The host-platform is equivalent to target_platform except when the target_platform is noarch. If the target_platform is noarch, the host_platform is the platform where the build is being executed.

  If the package is cross-compiled this might not be the current platform, therefore it is recorded in the rendered recipe. If you have a noarch package and compile with --target-platform=linux-64 on a windows machine the following will be set:

  • target_platform: noarch (from recipe)
  • host_platform: linux-64 (from CLI)
  • build_platform: win-64 (the current platform)

build_platform

• Type: string
• Description: The platform used for building the package (e.g., osx-arm64).

variant

• Type: object
• Description: Dictionary with the variant configuration used for the build.

This dictionary contains only the keys of the variant configuration file that were applied during the build (e.g. used in a jinja expression or as a dependency).

hash

• Type: object
• Description: Contains information related to hashing.
  • hash: The hash value (e.g., 60d57d3).
  • prefix: Prefix for the hash, which can include values like py311 based on the variant configuration.

directories

• Type: object
• Description: Contains directory paths used during the build process.
  • host_prefix: The host prefix directory with placeholders for the host environment.
  • build_prefix: The build prefix directory for the build environment.
  • work_dir: The working directory with extracted sources.
  • build_dir: The build directory that contains host_prefix, build_prefix, and work_dir as subdirectories.

channels

• Type: array of URLs

• Description: The URLs to the conda channels that were used to resolve dependencies (e.g., https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge).

  The order is significant.

channel_priority

• Type: string

• Description: Optionally the channel priority used to solve the dependencies.

  • strict (default): Only the repodata in the first channel that contains repodata for a package will be considered.
  • disabled: Any repodata from any channel for a package can be considered.

solve_strategy

• Type: string

• Description: Optionally the solve strategy used to solve the dependencies.

  • highest (default): Resolve the highest version of each package.

  • lowest-version: Resolve the lowest compatible version for each package.

    All candidates with the same version are still ordered the same as with highest. This ensures that the candidate with the highest build number is used and down-prioritization still works.

  • lowest-version-direct: Resolve the lowest compatible version for direct dependencies but the highest for transitive dependencies. This is similar to lowest-version but only for direct dependencies.

timestamp

• Type: string / timestamp in ISO 8601 format
• Description: The timestamp of the build configuration (e.g., 2024-04-13T14:35:30.774863Z).

subpackages

• Type: list of objects
• Description: Contains information about subpackages that are used in pin_subpackage expressions.
  • curl: An example subpackage.
    • name: The name of the subpackage (e.g., curl).
    • version: The version of the subpackage (e.g., 8.0.1).
    • build_string: The build string for the subpackage (e.g., h60d57d3_0).

packaging_settings

• Type: object
• Description: Contains settings related to the final package output.
  • archive_type: The type of archive used for packaging (either tar_bz2 or conda).
  • compression_level: The numerical compression level used for packaging (e.g., 15).

Example

build_configuration:
  target_platform: osx-arm64
  host_platform: osx-arm64
  build_platform: osx-arm64
  variant:
    target_platform: osx-arm64
  hash:
    hash: 60d57d3
    prefix: "" # would contain `py311` and similar prefixes based on variant config
  directories:
    host_prefix: # host prefix with placeholders for the host environment
    build_prefix: # build prefix for the build environment
    work_dir: # work dir with extracted sources
    build_dir: # build dir that contains host_prefix, build_prefix and work_dir as subdirectories
  channels:
    - conda-forge
  channel_priority: strict
  solve_strategy: highest
  timestamp: 2024-04-13T14:35:30.774863Z
  subpackages:
    curl:
      name: curl
      version: 8.0.1
      build_string: h60d57d3_0
  packaging_settings:
    archive_type: conda
    compression_level: 15

Finalized dependencies

The finalized dependencies section contains a "lockfile" of all the dependencies exactly as they were used at build-time, for the two environments build and host. It also includes the final run and constraints specs that are computed based on the build and host dependencies (resolved all run_exports).

The finalized_dependencies section contains the following keys:

finalized_dependencies:
  build:
    specs: [list of spec objects]
    resolved: [list of resolved dependency objects]
    run_exports: { package_name: run_export } # all run_exports.json that were found among the packages in this environment
  host:
    specs: [list of spec objects]
    resolved: [list of resolved dependency objects]
    run_exports: { package_name: run_export } # all run_exports.json that were found among the packages in this environment
  run:
    depends: [list of dependencies with dependency source information]
    constraints: [list of constraints with dependency source information]
    run_exports: optional run_export dictionary

Spec objects

A dependency spec contains the MatchSpec and additional information about the source of the dependency. There are 6 possible DependencyInfo versions:

• pin_subpackage: The dependency comes from a pin_subpackage expression.
• pin_compatible: The dependency comes from a pin_compatible expression.
• source: The dependency comes from the recipe.
• run_export: The dependency comes from a run export.
• variant: The dependency comes from a variant.

Example:

# language specified in ${{ compiler(`c`) }}
- source: clang_osx-arm64
- source: make >=1.3
- pin_compatible: quarto
  lower_bound: x.x    # not present if set to None
  upper_bound: x.x.x  # not present if set to None
  exact: true         # not present if false
  spec: quarto >=1.4.550,<1.5
- pin_subpackage: some-pkg-a
  lower_bound: x.x    # not present if set to None
  upper_bound: x.x.x  # not present if set to None
  exact: true         # not present if false
  spec: some-pkg-a >=1.0.0,<2
- run_export: zlib
  spec: libzlib >=1.3.1,<1.4.0a0
  from: host              # environment that exported this dependency
- variant: setuptools     # key from variant coming configuration
  spec: setuptools 69.*

The list of resolved dependencies contains a dictionary with the following fields (equivalent to RepoDataRecord):

build: hb7217d7_0
build_number: 0
depends: []
license: GPL-2.0-or-later
license_family: GPL
md5: fe8efc3385f58f0055e8100b07225055
name: libtool
sha256: efe50471d2baea151f2a93f1f99c05553f8c88e3f0065cdc267e1aa2e8c42449
size: 408403
subdir: osx-arm64
timestamp: 1672362003513 # when available
version: 2.4.7
fn: libtool-2.4.7-hb7217d7_0.conda
url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/libtool-2.4.7-hb7217d7_0.conda
channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/

Run exports

The build and host section contain a run_exports dictionary that contains collected run_exports from all direct dependencies. The dictionary contains name: run_export pairs. A run_export entry contains the keys:

weak: [list of weak run exports]
strong: [list of strong run exports]
weak_constrains: [list of weak constrains]
strong_constrains: [list of strong constrains]
noarch: [list of noarch run exports]

The run section also contains a single run_exports entry that is used to generate the run_exports metadata for the package that we are currently building. Different from the other run_exports, these are "outgoing" run_exports.

Finalized sources

This section contains the finalized sources that were used at build-time. For git sources, this contains a reference to the commit hash that was used. For url and path sources, this contains the URL and the SHA256 hash of the downloaded file.

finalized_sources:
  - path: ../
  - git: https://github.com/ros2-gbp/rosidl_typesupport_fastrtps-release.git
    rev: 7af149d83d7e4a2d4c9ce4ae9682bff4a8ebc28e # here we are storing the commit hash
    target_directory: ros-humble-fastrtps-cmake-module/src/work
  - url: https://github.com/watchexec/watchexec/archive/refs/tags/v1.25.1.tar.gz
    sha256: 9609163c14cd49ec651562838f38b88ed2d370e354af312ddc78c2be76c08d37

The following fields are available for each source:

Path source

The sha256 field is added if it is not already present in the source description. We should compute the SHA hashes of the patches as well and store it in the source description.

path: # path to the source
sha256: # computed sha256 hash of the source (this is only added if not in the source entry in the original recipe)
patches: # list of patches that should be applied to the source
target_directory: # optional target directory where the source should be extracted
file_name: # optional file name
use_gitignore: # optional bool whether to use the .gitignore file when copying a directory

Git source

git: # git URL
rev: # resolved commit hash at build time
depth: # optional depth to clone the repository
patches: # list of patches that should be applied to the source
target_directory: # optional target directory where the source should be extracted
lfs: # optional bool to request the lfs pull in git source

URL source

url: # URL to the source code
sha256: # sha256 hash of the downloaded file
md5: # md5 hash of the downloaded file
file_name: # optional file name to rename the downloaded file
patches: # list of patches that should be applied to the source
target_directory: # optional target directory where the source should be extracted

System tools

This section records all system tools that were used during build execution and their versions (if available). This is useful for tracking the tools that were used from the host system in order to warn if reproducing the build on a different host system might lead to different results. It also records the version of the build tool (conda-build, rattler-build, etc) itself, so a future build could be reproduced with the same version of these tools.

system_tools:
  rattler-build: "0.14.0"
  patchelf: "0.12"
  git: "2.33.0"

Full Example

rendered_recipe_version: 1
recipe:
  schema_version: 1
  package:
    name: curl
    version: 8.0.1
  source:
    - url: http://curl.haxx.se/download/curl-8.0.1.tar.bz2
      sha256: 9b6b1e96b748d04b968786b6bdf407aa5c75ab53a3d37c1c8c81cdb736555ccf
  build:
    number: 0
    string: h60d57d3_0
  requirements:
    build:
      - compiler: c
      - make
      - perl
      - pkg-config
      - libtool
    host:
      - zlib
  tests:
    - script:
        - curl --version
  about:
    homepage: http://curl.haxx.se/
    repository: https://github.com/curl/curl
    documentation: https://curl.haxx.se/docs/
    license: curl
    license_file:
      - COPYING
    summary: tool and library for transferring data with URL syntax
    description: |-
      Curl is an open source command line tool and library for transferring data
      with URL syntax. It is used in command lines or scripts to transfer data.
build_configuration:
  target_platform: osx-arm64
  host_platform: osx-arm64
  build_platform: osx-arm64
  variant:
    target_platform: osx-arm64
  hash:
    hash: 60d57d3
  directories:
    host_prefix: /Users/wolfv/Programs/rattler-build/output/bld/rattler-build_curl_1713018930/host_env_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold_placehold
    build_prefix: /Users/wolfv/Programs/rattler-build/output/bld/rattler-build_curl_1713018930/build_env
    work_dir: /Users/wolfv/Programs/rattler-build/output/bld/rattler-build_curl_1713018930/work
    build_dir: /Users/wolfv/Programs/rattler-build/output/bld/rattler-build_curl_1713018930
  channels:
    - conda-forge
  channel_priority: strict
  solve_strategy: highest
  timestamp: 2024-04-13T14:35:30.774863Z
  subpackages:
    curl:
      name: curl
      version: 8.0.1
      build_string: h60d57d3_0
  packaging_settings:
    archive_type: conda
    compression_level: 15
finalized_dependencies:
  build:
    specs:
      # specs record the source, can be one of `raw`, `compiler`, `pin_subpackage`, `pin_compatible`, `variant`, `run_export`
      - compiler: c
        spec: clang_osx-arm64
      - source: make
      - source: perl
      - source: pkg-config
      - source: libtool
    resolved:
      - build: he57ea6c_1
        build_number: 1
        depends: []
        license: GPL-3.0-or-later
        license_family: GPL
        md5: 1939d04ef89e38fde652ee8c669e092f
        name: make
        sha256: a011e3e1c4caec821eb4213d0a0154d39e5f81a44d2e8bafe6f84e7840c3909e
        size: 253227
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1602706492919
        version: "4.3"
        fn: make-4.3-he57ea6c_1.tar.bz2
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/make-4.3-he57ea6c_1.tar.bz2
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: hab62308_1008
        build_number: 1008
        depends:
          - libglib >=2.70.2,<3.0a0
          - libiconv >=1.16,<2.0.0a0
        license: GPL-2.0-or-later
        license_family: GPL
        md5: 8d173d52214679033079d1b0582075aa
        name: pkg-config
        sha256: e59e69111709d097f9938e72ba19811ec1ef36aababdbed77bd7c767f15639e0
        size: 46049
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1650239029040
        version: 0.29.2
        fn: pkg-config-0.29.2-hab62308_1008.tar.bz2
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/pkg-config-0.29.2-hab62308_1008.tar.bz2
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: h0d3ecfb_2
        build_number: 2
        depends: []
        license: LGPL-2.1-only
        md5: 69bda57310071cf6d2b86caf11573d2d
        name: libiconv
        sha256: bc7de5097b97bcafcf7deaaed505f7ce02f648aac8eccc0d5a47cc599a1d0304
        size: 676469
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1702682458114
        version: "1.17"
        fn: libiconv-1.17-h0d3ecfb_2.conda
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/libiconv-1.17-h0d3ecfb_2.conda
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: hb7217d7_0
        build_number: 0
        depends: []
        license: GPL-2.0-or-later
        license_family: GPL
        md5: fe8efc3385f58f0055e8100b07225055
        name: libtool
        sha256: efe50471d2baea151f2a93f1f99c05553f8c88e3f0065cdc267e1aa2e8c42449
        size: 408403
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1672362003513
        version: 2.4.7
        fn: libtool-2.4.7-hb7217d7_0.conda
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/libtool-2.4.7-hb7217d7_0.conda
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: 7_h4614cfb_perl5
        build_number: 7
        depends: []
        license: GPL-1.0-or-later OR Artistic-1.0-Perl
        md5: ba3cbe93f99e896765422cc5f7c3a79e
        name: perl
        sha256: b0c55040d2994fd6bf2f83786561d92f72306d982d6ea12889acad24a9bf43b8
        size: 14439531
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1703311335652
        version: 5.32.1
        fn: perl-5.32.1-7_h4614cfb_perl5.conda
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/perl-5.32.1-7_h4614cfb_perl5.conda
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
        run_exports:
          weak:
            - perl >=5.32.1,<5.33.0a0 *_perl5
          noarch:
            - perl >=5.32.1,<6.0a0 *_perl5
      - build: hfc324ee_4
        build_number: 4
        constrains:
          - glib 2.80.0 *_4
        depends:
          - libffi >=3.4,<4.0a0
          - libiconv >=1.17,<2.0a0
          - libintl >=0.22.5,<1.0a0
          - libzlib >=1.2.13,<1.3.0a0
          - pcre2 >=10.43,<10.44.0a0
        license: LGPL-2.1-or-later
        md5: c0de76b2c1f1bee86ca8660684ab6ec4
        name: libglib
        sha256: 48f371fcb374020c140b26dbfc9a6ef3fbc834334e8cca984120be7bffa6d1bf
        size: 2638588
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1712590361453
        version: 2.80.0
        fn: libglib-2.80.0-hfc324ee_4.conda
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/libglib-2.80.0-hfc324ee_4.conda
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: h26f9a81_0
        build_number: 0
        depends:
          - bzip2 >=1.0.8,<2.0a0
          - libzlib >=1.2.13,<1.3.0a0
        license: BSD-3-Clause
        license_family: BSD
        md5: 1ddc87f00014612830f3235b5ad6d821
        name: pcre2
        sha256: 4bf7b5fa091f5e7ab0b78778458be1e81c1ffa182b63795734861934945a63a7
        size: 615219
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1708118184900
        version: "10.43"
        fn: pcre2-10.43-h26f9a81_0.conda
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/pcre2-10.43-h26f9a81_0.conda
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: h8fbad5d_2
        build_number: 2
        depends:
          - libiconv >=1.17,<2.0a0
        license: LGPL-2.1-or-later
        md5: 3d216d0add050129007de3342be7b8c5
        name: libintl
        sha256: 21bc79bdf34ffd20cb84d2a8bd82d7d0e2a1b94b9e72773f0fb207e5b4f1ff63
        size: 81206
        subdir: osx-arm64
        timestamp: 1712512755390
        version: 0.22.5
        fn: libintl-0.22.5-h8fbad5d_2.conda
        url: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/osx-arm64/libintl-0.22.5-h8fbad5d_2.conda
        channel: https://conda.anaconda.org/conda-forge/
      - build: h53f4e23_5
        build_number: 5
        constrains:
          - zlib 1.2.13 *_5
        depends: []
        license: Zlib
        license_family: Other
        md5: 1a47f5236db2e06a320ffa0392f81bd8
        name: libzlib
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  run:
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        source_package: zlib
    constraints: []
finalized_sources:
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    sha256: 9b6b1e96b748d04b968786b6bdf407aa5c75ab53a3d37c1c8c81cdb736555ccf
system_tools:
  codesign: ""
  rattler-build: 0.14.2

Changelog

• 2026-04-17: Minted as CEP 40. Added missing header table, abstract section, and adjusted formatting slightly.
• 2024-07-22: Accepted.
• 2024-04-13: Submitted to https://github.com/conda/ceps/pull/74.

Copyright

All CEPs are explicitly CC0 1.0 Universal.